Patients newly diagnosed with multiple myeloma (MM) often present with anemia, fatigue, sleep disturbances, pain, and mood disruption—all of which impact quality of life and functional performance. In a baseline analysis from an exercise intervention study, over 60% of patients were anemic, and nearly 20% of patients had severe fatigue. Fatigue and mood disturbance were more prevalent in females. Sleep quality was poor, with about 20% of total sleep occurring during the day. Pain correlated moderately with fatigue, mood, and performance status. Physical capacity varied widely, with better performance linked to lower fatigue. Regression analysis showed mood disturbance, sleep efficiency, and performance status were strong predictors of fatigue.

These findings highlight the complex, interrelated nature of cancer-related fatigue in MM. Mood disturbance was strongly associated with fatigue, underscoring the need for psychological support. Despite adequate average total sleep, disrupted patterns—such as frequent awakenings and increased daytime sleep—were common. Pain affected physical and emotional well-being but showed limited correlation with sleep. The data support the value of individualized exercise programs to improve fatigue, mood, sleep, and function. Holistic interventions may enhance quality of life and treatment outcomes for patients with MM.

Reference: Coleman EA, Goodwin JA, Coon SK, et al. Fatigue, sleep, pain, mood, and performance status in patients with multiple myeloma. Cancer Nurs. 2011;34(3):219-27. doi: 10.1097/NCC.0b013e3181f9904d.