This study aimed to develop a multiparametric flow cytometry-based minimal residual disease (MRD) assessment protocol using the DURAClone method for patients with multiple myeloma (MM), particularly after autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT). By prospectively collecting bone marrow samples from 166 patients, the study demonstrated that the DURAClone method, with a sensitivity of 10⁵, was effective in MRD detection at 3 months post-ASCT, offering quick processing times and cost-effectiveness. MRD negativity at this point significantly correlated with better progression-free survival and lower incidence of MM progression. Moreover, patients who sustained MRD negativity for a year exhibited superior long-term outcomes compared to those who experienced MRD+ conversion.

The study also emphasized the clinical utility of MRD testing in guiding treatment decisions for patients with MM, beyond conventional risk factors. The results indicated that MRD assessment with the DURAClone method could be incorporated into real-world MM practice for monitoring patient outcomes, especially in those with very good partial response. Furthermore, MRD negativity at 3 months post-ASCT could predict improved survival outcomes, supporting its potential role in personalizing therapy.

Reference: Ahn A, Park SS, Kim Y, et al. Minimal residual disease assessment in transplant-eligible patients with multiple myeloma: real-world applications of multiparametric flow cytometry-DURAClone (CAREMM-2104). Haematologica. 2024;109(12):4100-4105. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2024.285278.