Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common hematological malignancy in the United States, with survival rates improving due to new treatments. However, as patients live longer with the chronic burdens of cancer therapies, quality of life (QoL) has become a significant concern. Many patients with MM report high symptom burden and lower QoL compared to those with other hematological cancers. While research continues to focus on improving survival through pharmacological advancements, there is growing interest in exploring lifestyle interventions—such as physical activity, weight management, nutrition, sleep, and substance use reduction—to mitigate disease-related side effects and improve long-term outcomes.

Research indicates that lifestyle changes can significantly improve both the physiological and psychological health of patients with MM. Exercise, for example, has been shown to enhance fatigue, muscle strength, mood, and QoL, although barriers like fatigue and pain limit participation. Obesity has been linked to increased risk and progression of MM, yet specific dietary guidelines for patients with MM are lacking. Poor sleep quality is also common, exacerbating fatigue and psychological distress. Interventions focused on sleep and weight management are crucial, and further research into these lifestyle factors could lead to personalized strategies that enhance patient outcomes and QoL.

Reference: Shapiro YN, Peppercorn JM, Yee AJ, Branagan AR, Raje NS, Donnell EKO. Lifestyle considerations in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2021;11(10):172. doi: 10.1038/s41408-021-00560-x.