Dietary interventions, particularly those impacting the gut microbiome, are shown to have potential effects on multiple myeloma (MM) incidence and quality of life. This necessitates the development of evidence-based dietary guidelines for those at risk for MM, including individuals with Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) and Smoldering Multiple Myeloma (SMM).

Research underscores the role of plant-based diets in reducing MM risk, as indicated by the significant findings from the EPIC-Oxford cohort and Oxford Vegetarian study, due to their impact on the microbiome’s function and immune system interactions. These findings support the need for oncologists to actively engage with patients about their dietary habits as part of comprehensive cancer care. This engagement helps to tailor interventions that may mitigate disease progression and enhance the quality of life for patients with MM. Furthermore, these insights drive the need for continued research into the mechanisms by which diet and microbiome affect MM.

Reference: Shah UA, Parikh R, Castro F, Bellone M, Lesokhin AM. Dietary and microbiome evidence in multiple myeloma and other plasma cell disorders. Leukemia. 2023 May;37(5):964-980. doi: 10.1038/s41375-023-01874-4. Epub 2023 Mar 30. PMID: 36997677; PMCID: PMC10443185.